Associations

You can navigate associations in criteria queries in several ways:

• Dot notation for many-to-one relationships ONLY

• Helper methods to create inner criterias or joins: createCriteria(), joinTo()

Dot Notation Navigation

This type of navigation is the easiest but ONLY works with many-to-one associations. Let's say you have a User entity with a Role and the Role has the following properties: id, name, slug and you want to get all users that have the role slug of admin and are active. Then you could do this:

// Using virtual services
function findAllAdmins(){
     return newCriteria()
          .isTrue( "active" )
          .eq( "role.slug", "admin" )
          .list();
}

Joins

You can also use the joinTo() method, which previously was called createAlias() to create joins to related associations. Let's check out the method signature first:

/**
 * Join an association, assigning an alias to the joined association
 *
 * You can also use the following alias method : <code>joinTo()</code>
 *
 * @associationName The name of the association property: A dot-separated property path
 * @alias The alias to assign to the joined association (for later reference).
 * @joinType The hibernate join type to use, by default it uses an inner join. Available as properties: criteria.FULL_JOIN, criteria.INNER_JOIN, criteria.LEFT_JOIN
 * @withClause The criterion to be added to the join condition (ON clause)
 */
any function joinTo(
	required string associationName,
	required string alias,
	numeric joinType=this.INNER_JOIN,
	any withClause
)

The arguments can be further explained below:

• associationName : This is the name of the property on the target entity that is the association

• alias : This is the alias to assign it so you can reference it later in the criterions following it

• joinType : By default it is an inner join. The available joins are: INNER_JOIN, FULL_JOIN, LEFT_JOIN

• withClause : This is the criterion (so it's a restriction) to be added to the join condition, basically the ON clause.

// Using virtual services
function findAllAdmins(){
     return newCriteria()
          .isTrue( "active" )
          .joinTo( "role", "r" )
               .eq( "r.slug", "admin" )
          .list();
}

// no join type, but withClause
r = newCriteria()
     .joinTo(
          associationName="users",
          alias="u",
          withClause=getRestrictions().like( "u.lastName", "M%" )
     )
     .list();

Inner Criterias

The last journey to query on associations is to pivot the root entity of the criteria to an association. This means that you will create a new criteria object based on the previous criteria, but now the target entity is the one you assign. PHEW! That's a mouthful. Basically, it's a nice way to traverse into the join and stay in that entity.

This is accomplished via the createCriteria() method or the nice dynamic alias: with{entity}() method.

/**
 * Create a new Criteria, "rooted" at the associated entity and using an Inner Join
 *
 * @associationName The name of the association property to root the restrictions with
 * @alias The alias to use for this association property on restrictions
 * @joinType The hibernate join type to use, by default it uses an inner join. Available as properties: criteria.FULL_JOIN, criteria.INNER_JOIN, criteria.LEFT_JOIN
 * @withClause The criteria to use with the join
 */
any function createCriteria(
	required string associationName,
	string alias,
	numeric joinType,
	any withClause
)

// Dynamic Methods
with{AssociationName}( joinType )

The arguments can be further explained below:

• associationName : This is the name of the property on the target entity that is the association

• alias : This is the alias to assign it so you can reference it later in the criterions following it

• joinType : By default it is an inner join. The available joins are: INNER_JOIN, FULL_JOIN, LEFT_JOIN

• withClause : This is the criterion (so it's a restriction) to be added to the join condition, basically the ON clause.

var c = newCriteria("User");
var users = c.like("name","lui%")
     .withAdmins().like("name","fra%")
     .list();